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全文字数：1466字
阅读时间：15分钟
上期翻译答案
Around half said their parentsare good aboutnot being on their phones too much and being present in the moment — frequently because they are not tech savvy or are still using flip phones.
大约有一半的人表示，他们的父母能很好地避免过度使用手机，能让自己过好当下的生活——通常是因为他们不是特别熟悉科技，或者还在使用翻盖手机。
1. Live in the present moment：活在当下
《本期内容》
双语阅读
The actor Chris Hemsworth announced last week that he’s taking a break from acting to focus on his health. The news came after Mr. Hemsworth learned through genetic testing that he has two copies of the APOE4 gene variant, which is associated with increased odds of developing Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form ofdementia. The 39-year-old star of “Thor” has not reported having any symptoms, but he told Vanity Fair that he wanted to focus onmitigatinghis risk as much as possible.
演员克里斯·海姆斯沃斯上周宣布，他将暂时息影，专注自身健康。此前，海姆斯沃斯通过基因检测了解到，他携带有两个APOE4基因变体的副本，这种变体与患阿尔茨海默病的几率增加有关。阿尔茨海默病是最常见的一种失智症。这位39岁的“雷神”称自己没有出现任何症状，但他告诉《名利场》，他想要专注于尽可能地降低风险。
The APOE gene is important for the formation of a protein that helps carrycholesterolthrough the bloodstream. Nearly 30 years ago, scientists learned that APOE also influences a person’s chances of developing Alzheimer’s. There are three variants of the gene, each conferring a different risk. People with the APOE2 variant appear to have a decreased risk of Alzheimer’s; the APOE3 variant — the most common type — is “neutral,” meaning it does not increase or decrease risk; and the APOE4 variant raises a person’s risk. Everyone has two versions of the gene, one inherited from their mother and one from their father.
APOE4基因对帮助在血液中运输胆固醇的蛋白质的形成很重要。近30年前，科学家们了解到，APOE还会影响一个人患阿尔茨海默病的几率。这一基因有三种变体，分别意味着不同程度的风险。携带APOE2变体的人患阿尔茨海默病的风险似乎较低；最常见的类型APOE3变体是“中性的”，这意味着它不会增加或减少风险；APOE4变体则会增加患病风险。每个人都有两种此类基因，一种遗传自母亲，另一种遗传自父亲。
About 25 percent of people carry one APOE4, increasing their chance of developing Alzheimer’s by two or three times. Another 2 to 3 percent of people have two copies of APOE4, as Mr. Hemsworth does. This is associated with a roughly 10-fold higher risk. Having APOE4 is also linked to earlieronsetof the disease.
翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~还有2%到3%的人像海姆斯沃斯一样携带两个APOE4基因副本，这将可能使风险升至大约10倍。携带APOE4也与疾病的早期发作有关。
Scientists aren’t exactly sure why a gene involved in capturing cholesterol plays such a large role in Alzheimer’s disease. It’s possible that changes in cholesterol can damage brain cells or causeinflammationin the brain, which couldlead todementia.
科学家们还不完全确定为什么一种与捕获胆固醇有关的基因会在阿尔茨海默病中扮演如此重要的角色。有可能是因为胆固醇的变化会损害脑细胞或引起大脑炎症，从而导致失智症。
Having the APOE4 gene variant, either one or two copies, does not mean you will definitely get Alzheimer’s disease. Some conditions, such as Huntington’s disease, are directly caused by a specific gene mutation. Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 don’t work like that. The gene is just one factor that contributes to people’s risk. Some people with the gene variantare never diagnosed withthe disease, and many people without APOE4 develop Alzheimer’s.
携带APOE4基因变种，无论是一个或两个副本，并不意味着你一定会得阿尔茨海默病。有些疾病是由特定的基因突变直接引起的，如亨廷顿舞蹈症。但阿尔茨海默病和APOE4不是这样运作的。这种基因只是导致人们存在患病风险的因素之一。一些携带这种基因变异的人从未被诊断出患有这种疾病，而许多没有APOE4的人也会患上阿尔茨海默病。
本文节选自：The New York Times (纽约时报）
发布时间：2022.11.25
作者：Dana G. Smith
原文标题：How to Know if You Have a Genetic Risk for Alzheimer’s
词汇积累
1.dementia
英/ dɪˈmenʃə /美/ dɪˈmenʃə /
n.痴呆，精神错乱
2.mitigate
英/ ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt /美/ ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt /
v.<正式>减轻，缓和
3.cholesterol
英/ kəˈlestərɒl /美/ kəˈlestərɔːl /
n.胆固醇
4.onset
英/ ˈɒnset /美/ ˈɑːnset /
n.（尤指某种坏事情的）开始，发作；军事攻击
5.inflammation
英/ ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n /美/ ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn /
n.发炎，炎症
词组搭配
1.be diagnosed with被诊断出
2.lead to 导致；通向
写作句总结
原句：The gene is just one factor that contributes to people’s risk.
结构：XX is just one factor that contributes to XX.
例句：Ignoring forward risk is just one factor that contributes to project failure.
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